Pulsed Doppler for tumor blood flow in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pulsed Doppler: Diameter, Blood Flow Velocity

Diameter, blood flow velocity and volumic flow of the brachial artery were measured in 36 patients with sustained essential hypertension and compared with 25 normal subjects. Both hypertensives and control subjects were classified according to age into those younger than and those older than 40 years. For the determinations, a pulsed Doppler velocimeter with an adjustable range-gated time syste...

DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes in hepatocellular carcinoma

The basic unit of chromatin is a nucleosome included an octamer of the four core histones and 147 base pairs of DNA. Posttranslational histones modifications affect chromatin structure resulting in gene expression changes. CpG islands hypermethylation within the gene promoter regions and the deacetylation of histone proteins are the most common epigenetic modifications. The aberrant patterns of...

Pulsed photoacoustic Doppler flow measurements in blood-mimicking phantoms

The feasibility of making spatially resolved measurements of blood flow using pulsed photoacoustic Doppler techniques has been explored. Doppler time shifts were quantified via cross-correlation of pairs of photoacoustic waveforms generated within a blood-simulating phantom using pairs of laser light pulses. The photoacoustic waves were detected using a focussed or planar PZT ultrasound transdu...

Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Sheep

Hepatocellular carcinoma in a sheep

At necropsy of a five-year-old sheep, a pear shaped, lobular yellow-brownish mass measuring about 12 ×15 × 20 cm was found to involve the right hepatic lobe. Microscopic examination revealed two trabecularand solid patterns of neoplastic hepatocytes. In solid pattern, there were numerous tumoral giant cells thatcontain one or more large hyperchromatic bizarre-shaped nuclei scattered among clust...